South carolina occupational therapy practice act

SECTION 40-36-5. Application of chapter; conflict of laws.

Unless otherwise provided for in this chapter, Article 1, Chapter 1 applies to occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants regulated or administered, or both, by the Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulation. If there is a conflict between this chapter and Article 1, Chapter 1, Title 40, the provisions of this chapter control.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-10. Board of Occupational Therapy; creation and purpose; membership.

(A) There is created the South Carolina Board of Occupational Therapy under the administration of the Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulation. The purpose of this board is to protect the public through the regulation of professionals who identify, assess, and provide treatment for individuals threatened by developmental deficits, the aging process, poverty and cultural differences, physical injury or illness, or psychological or social disability, through the administration and enforcement of this chapter and regulations promulgated under this chapter.

(B) The board consists of seven members to be appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate. Five members must be occupational therapists with a minimum of three years' experience; one member must be an occupational therapy assistant with a minimum of one year's experience; and one member must be a lay member. All of the therapists and therapy assistant members must hold active and valid licenses in this State. Nominations for appointment to the board may be made to the Governor by an individual, group, or association. From a list of all licensed occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants, the South Carolina Occupational Therapy Association may submit recommendations to the Governor of at least two names for each vacancy on the board to be filled by these licensees. Members shall serve terms of three years and until their successors are appointed and qualify. Vacancies must be filled in the manner of the original appointment for the unexpired portion of the term. The Governor may remove a member of the board as provided for in Section 1-3-240.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-20. Definitions.

As used in this chapter:

(1) "ACOTE" means the Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education.

(2) "AOTA" means the American Occupational Therapy Association.

(3) "Board" means the South Carolina Board of Occupational Therapy.

(4) "Direct supervision" means personal, daily supervision, and specific delineation of tasks and responsibilities by an occupational therapist and includes the responsibility for personally reviewing and interpreting the results of a supervisee on a daily basis.

(5) "NBCOT" means the National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy.

(6) "Occupational therapist" means a person licensed to practice occupational therapy.

(7) "Occupational therapy" means the functional evaluation and treatment of individuals whose ability to cope with the tasks of living are threatened or impaired by developmental deficits, the aging process, poverty and cultural differences, physical injury or illness, or psychological or social disability. The treatment utilizes occupational, namely goal-oriented activities, to prevent or correct physical or emotional deficits or to minimize the disabling effect of these deficits in the life of the individual. Specific occupational therapy techniques include, but are not limited to, activities of daily living (ADL), the fabrication and application of splints, sensory-motor activities, the use of specifically designed crafts, guidance in the selection and use of adaptive equipment, exercises to enhance functional performance, prevocational evaluation and treatment and consultation concerning adaption of physical environments for the handicapped. These techniques are applied in the treatment of individual patients or clients, in groups, or through social systems.

(8) "Occupational therapy aide" means a person who has received on-the-job training in occupational therapy and is employed in an occupational therapy setting under the direct on-site supervision of a licensed occupational therapist or licensed occupational therapy assistant.

(9) "Occupational therapy assistant" means a person licensed to assist in the practice of occupational therapy under the supervision of an occupational therapist.

(10) "On-site" means the same premises while direct client treatment is being performed.

(11) "Student" means a person who is enrolled in an educational program approved by ACOTE or other AOTA endorsed accrediting body for occupational therapy.

(12) "Supervision" means personal and direct involvement of an occupational therapist in a supervisee's professional experience which includes evaluation of the supervisee's performance with respect to each client treated by the supervisee.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 2; 1988 Act No. 552, Sections 1, 2; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-30. Required licenses; practice while license suspended or revoked; penalty.

No person may practice occupational therapy or may practice as an occupational therapy assistant without a license issued in accordance with this chapter. A person whose license has been suspended or revoked, who uses in connection with his name the words or letters "Occupational Therapist", "Licensed Occupational Therapist", "Occupational Therapist Registered", "Occupational Therapist Registered/Licensed", "O.T.", "L.O.T.", "O.T.R.", "O.T.R./L.", or "Occupational Therapy Assistant", "Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant", "Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant/Licensed", "O.T.A.", "L.O.T.A.", "C.O.T.A.", "C.O.T.A./L.", or any other letters, words, or insignia indicating that he is an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant, or who in any way, orally or in writing or in print or by sign directly or by implication, represents himself as an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant is deemed to be practicing occupational therapy or practicing as an occupational therapy assistant without being registered by the board and is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction for each offense, must be fined not less than one hundred dollars or more than five hundred dollars or be imprisoned for not less than thirty days or more than ninety days, or both. Each day's violation constitutes a separate offense.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 3; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-50. Administrative and fiscal activities of board to be provided by Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulation; establishment of fees.

(A) The Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulation shall provide all administrative, fiscal, investigative, inspectional, clerical, secretarial, and license renewal operations and activities of the board in accordance with Section 40-1-50.

(B) The board shall establish fees in regulation.

(C) The board may direct applicants to pay an examination fee directly to a third party who has contracted to administer the examination.

(D) All fees are nonrefundable and may be prorated to comply with biennial licensure.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 5; 1988 Act No. 552, Section 3; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-60. Adoption of rules and regulations; seal.

The board may adopt rules governing its proceedings as provided for in Section 40-1-60 and may adopt an official seal bearing the words "South Carolina Board of Occupational Therapy". The board shall promulgate regulations necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter including, but not limited to, promulgating in regulation a code of ethics.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 6; 1982 Act No. 390, Section 1; 1994 Act No. 401, Section 1; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-70. Board regulation of licensing and discipline; additional powers and duties.

The board shall regulate the issuance of licenses and temporary licenses and shall discipline occupational therapists or occupational therapy assistants in any manner authorized by this chapter or Article 1, Chapter 1. In addition, the board has those powers and duties provided for in this chapter and as set forth in Section 40-1-70.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 7; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-80. Investigation of complaints and violations.

The Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulation on behalf of the board shall investigate complaints and violations of this chapter as provided for in Section 40-1-80.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 8; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-90. Investigation results; presentation to board; procedures for hearing.

The results of an investigation must be presented to the board, and any subsequent hearing must be conducted in accordance with Section 40-1-90.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-100. Restraining orders and other equitable relief.

In addition to other remedies provided for in this chapter or Article 1, Chapter 1, the board in accordance with Section 40-1-100 may issue a cease and desist order or may petition an administrative law judge for a temporary restraining order or other equitable relief to enjoin a violation of this chapter.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-110. Refusal to grant licenses; suspensions, revocations, or other restrictions; grounds.

In addition to other grounds provided in Section 40-1-110, the board, after notice and a hearing conducted in accordance with the Administrative Procedures Act, may restrict or refuse to grant a license to an applicant or may refuse to renew the license of a licensed person or may suspend, revoke, or otherwise restrict the license of a licensed person who:

(1) has been convicted of violating federal, state, or local laws relating to occupational therapy;

(2) violates a provision of this chapter or a regulation promulgated pursuant to this chapter or an order issued by the board;

(3) fraudulently or deceptively attempts to use, obtain, alter, sell, or barter a license or temporary license;

(4) has participated in the fraudulent procurement or renewal of a license or temporary license for himself or another person or has allowed another person to use the license;

(5) has committed fraud or deceit in the practice of occupational therapy including, but not limited to:

(a) misrepresenting an educational degree, training, credentials, or competence;

(b) using or promotion or causing the use of a misleading, deceiving, improbable, or untruthful advertising matter or promotional literature;

(6) has committed an act of dishonest, immoral, or unprofessional conduct while engaging in the practice of occupational therapy including, but not limited to:

(a) engaging in illegal, incompetent, or negligent practice;

(b) providing services to a person who reasonably cannot be expected to benefit from the services;

(7) has been convicted or plead guilty or nolo contendere to a felony or crime involving moral turpitude or a violation of a federal, state, or local alcohol or drug law, whether or not an appeal or other proceeding is pending to have the conviction or plea set aside; or

(8) has been disciplined by a licensing or disciplinary authority of a state, country, or nationally recognized professional organization or convicted or disciplined by a court of a state or country for an act that would be grounds for disciplinary action under this section.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 11; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-115. Jurisdiction of the board.

The board has jurisdiction over the actions of licensees and former licensees as provided for in Section 40-1-115.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-120. Board authority to impose fines in addition to other sanctions; disciplinary actions.

In addition to the sanctions the board may impose pursuant to this chapter, the board may impose a fine up to two thousand dollars for each violation of a provision of this chapter, not to exceed ten thousand dollars. The board also may take disciplinary action against a person as provided for in Section 40-1-120.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 12; 1982 Act No. 390, Section 3; 1988 Act No. 425, Section 1; 1988 Act No. 552, Section 4; 1994 Act No. 354, Section 1; 1994 Act No. 401, Section 2; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-130. Grounds for denial of license may be same as for disciplinary action.

As provided for in Section 40-1-130, the board may deny licensure to an applicant based on the same grounds for which the board may take disciplinary action against a licensee.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 13; 1988 Act No. 552, Section 5; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-140. Denial of license based on prior criminal record.

A license may be denied based on a person's prior criminal record only as provided for in Section 40-1-140.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 14; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-150. Voluntary surrender of license by licensee being investigated.

A licensee under investigation for a violation of this chapter or a regulation promulgated under this chapter may voluntarily surrender the license in accordance with Section 40-1-150.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 15; 1996 Act No. 225, Section 1; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-160. Appeal.

A person aggrieved by a final action of the board may seek review of the decision in accordance with Section 40-1-160.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 16; 1993 Act No. 181, Section 911; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-170. Costs of investigation and prosecution; authority to require payment by violator.

A person found in violation of this chapter or regulations promulgated under this chapter may be required to pay costs associated with the investigation and prosecution of the case in accordance with Section 40-1-170.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 17; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-180. Collection and enforcement provisions for costs and fines.

All costs and fines imposed pursuant to this chapter must be paid in accordance with and are subject to the collection and enforcement provisions of Section 40-1-180.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 18; 1982 Act No. 390, Section 4; 1994 Act No. 354, Section 2; 1994 Act No. 401, Section 3; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-190. Confidentiality of proceedings and communications.

Investigations and proceedings conducted under this chapter are confidential, and all communications are privileged as provided for in Section 40-1-190.

HISTORY: 1977 Act No. 139 Section 19; 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-200. Violations of chapter; submission of false information to board; penalty.

A person who practices or offers to practice as an occupational therapist or as an occupational therapy assistant in this State in violation of this chapter or who knowingly submits false information to the board for the purpose of obtaining a license or who violates any other provision of this chapter is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction for each offense, must be fined not more than fifty thousand dollars or be imprisoned not more than one year, or both.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-210. Petition by department for injunctive relief.

The department, on behalf of the board and in accordance with Section 40-1-120, may petition an administrative law judge, in the name of the State, for injunctive relief against a person violating this chapter.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-230. Applications for licensure as occupational therapist or assistant; license requirements.

(A)(1) An applicant for licensure as an occupational therapist shall file a written application on forms provided by the board showing to the satisfaction of the board that the applicant:

(a) has graduated from an occupational therapy educational program approved by ACOTE or other AOTA endorsed accrediting body for occupational therapy or other educational program which the board considers to be substantially equivalent;

(b) has completed successfully a minimum of six months of supervised field work experience at an educational institution approved by the educational institution where the applicant met the academic requirements;

(d) is in good standing with NBCOT or other board approved certification program.

(2) In addition to other requirements established by law and for the purpose of determining an applicant's eligibility for an initial compact privilege, the department shall require a national criminal records check, supported by fingerprints, by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The results of this criminal records check must be reported to the department. The South Carolina Law Enforcement Division is authorized to retain the fingerprints for certification purposes and for notification of the department regarding criminal charges. Costs of conducting a criminal history background check must be borne by the applicant. The department shall keep information received pursuant to this section confidential, except that information relied upon in denying licensure may be disclosed as may be necessary to support the administrative action. The results of this criminal records check must not be shared outside the department.

(B)(1) An applicant for licensure as an occupational therapy assistant shall file a written application on a form approved by the board showing to the satisfaction of the board that the applicant:

(a) has graduated from an occupational therapy assistant educational program approved by ACOTE or other AOTA endorsed accrediting body for occupational therapy or other educational program which the board considers to be substantially equivalent;

(b) has completed successfully a minimum of two months of supervised field work experience at a recognized educational institution or a training program approved by the educational institution where the applicant met the academic requirements;

(d) is in good standing with NBCOT or other board approved certification program.

(2) In addition to other requirements established by law and for the purpose of determining an applicant's eligibility for a compact privilege, the department shall require a national criminal records check, supported by fingerprints, by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The results of this criminal records check must be reported to the department. The South Carolina Law Enforcement Division is authorized to retain the fingerprints for certification purposes and for notification of the department regarding criminal charges. Costs of conducting a criminal history background check must be borne by the applicant. The department shall keep information received pursuant to this section confidential, except that information relied upon in denying licensure may be disclosed as may be necessary to support the administrative action. The results of this criminal records check must not be shared outside the department.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1; 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 2, eff May 13, 2022.

Effect of Amendment

2022 Act No. 158, Section 2, redesignated (A) as (A)(1) and (1) to (4) as (a) to (d) and inserted (2); and redesignated (B) as (B)(1) and (1) to (4) as (a) to (d) and inserted (2).

SECTION 40-36-240. Notarized application form; fee; exam scores; out-of-state applicant requirements; time period for completion of process.

(A) An applicant for licensure must submit a completed notarized application form, the required fee in the form of a check or money order, and an acceptable legal document indicating any name changes, if applicable.

(B) An applicant applying for licensure by examination must comply with subsection (A) and must have reported or sent directly to the board:

(1) examination scores from a board-approved testing service; or

(2) verification of current certification status from NBCOT or other board-approved certification program if it has been six months or longer since the applicant passed the NBCOT or other board-approved certification program exam.

(C) An applicant who is a graduate of an occupational therapy educational program approved by ACOTE or other AOTA endorsed accrediting body for occupational therapy and who has applied for the next scheduled board-approved certification examination following graduation must comply with subsections (A) and (B) and must have sent directly to the board confirmation of examination registration and eligibility to examine from NBCOT or other board-approved certification program.

(D) An applicant licensed in another state applying for license by endorsement must comply with subsection (A) and must have sent directly to the board:

(1) verification of all current permanent licenses in other states from each state;

(2) verification of current certification status from NBCOT or other board-approved certification program.

(E) If the requirements of this section have not been completed within one year, the application and credentials must be brought up to date and resubmitted with payment of the required fee.

(F) An occupational therapist and an occupational therapy assistant shall pass a written examination approved by the board for license to practice in this State except as otherwise provided for in this chapter. The examination must be administered under the auspices of a recognized professional testing service approved by the board. The testing service shall recommend a passing score on the examination for the board's approval. The board shall adopt a passing score for each administration of the examination. An examinee who fails to pass may retake the examination at the next examination date upon making new application for examination and payment of the examination fee.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-250. Licensure without examination.

The board may license without examination a person who holds a current and valid license as an occupational therapist or as an occupational therapy assistant in another state if:

(1) the licensure requirements for that state are at least substantially equivalent to the licensing standards required in this chapter;

(2) the applicant currently is certified by and in good standing with NBCOT or other board-approved certification program;

(3) the applicant has submitted all applicable fees;

(4) in addition to other requirements established by law and for the purpose of determining an applicant's eligibility for a compact privilege, the department shall require a national criminal records check, supported by fingerprints, by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The results of this criminal records check must be reported to the department. The South Carolina Law Enforcement Division is authorized to retain the fingerprints for certification purposes and for notification of the department regarding criminal charges. Costs of conducting a criminal history background check must be borne by the applicant. The department shall keep information received pursuant to this section confidential, except that information relied upon in denying licensure may be disclosed as may be necessary to support the administrative action. The results of this criminal records check must not be shared outside the department.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1; 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 3, eff May 13, 2022.

Effect of Amendment

2022 Act No. 158, Section 3, added (4).

SECTION 40-36-260. Time period licenses are valid; renewals, fees, and penalties; continuing education requirements; inactive status; reactivation.

(A) All licenses are valid for a period of time not to exceed two years, and it is the licensee's responsibility to renew the license on March fifteenth whether or not a notice is received. An occupational therapist or an occupational therapy assistant who first becomes licensed after December fourteenth in any year is not required to renew until March fifteenth of the year following the next year.

(B) A licensed occupational therapist and a licensed occupational therapy assistant before March sixteenth in every other year shall apply to the board for license renewal and pay the renewal fee provided for in regulation.

(C) As a condition of license renewal, a licensee must complete satisfactorily sixteen hours of continuing education per biennium as defined in regulation and must submit proof of completion on a form approved by the board and must be certified and in good standing with NBCOT or other board-approved certification program.

(D) Notwithstanding subsection (H), if a person's license lapses because the person did not satisfy the continuing education and certification requirements of subsection (C), the person must comply with subsection (C) before the board may renew the license.

(E) If a person does not renew a license by March fifteenth or if a license renewal application is not postmarked before March sixteenth, the board may charge a late renewal penalty as established in regulation if renewed before April sixteenth. If a person fails to renew a license and if a license renewal application is not postmarked before April sixteenth, the person's license automatically lapses as of April sixteenth. A person who fails to renew a license or who fails to submit a license renewal application postmarked before March sixteenth and who practices as an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant after March fifteenth is deemed to be practicing without a license and is subject to the penalties provided for in this chapter.

(F) A licensee who does not wish to renew an active license may select inactive status on the renewal form and return the form to the board. A licensee whose license is placed on inactive status may not practice occupational therapy while the license is inactive.

(G) An occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant whose license has been inactive for fewer than three years may reactivate the license by applying to the board, submitting proof of completion of eight hours of continuing education for each year the license has been inactive, and paying the reactivation fee provided for in regulation.

An occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant whose license has been inactive for three years or more shall complete, as provided for in regulation:

(1) supervised contact hours;

(2) additional education; and

(3) if necessary, an examination.

An occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant whose license has been inactive for fewer than three years and who has active status outside of this State may reinstate the license by submitting proof of completion of eight hours of continuing education for each year the license has lapsed, official verification of all current licenses, and the reactivation fee provided for in regulation.

An occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant whose license has been inactive for three years or more and who has active status outside of this State may reinstate the license by submitting evidence satisfactory to the board of not less than one thousand hours of out-of-state employment within the last year, official verification of all current licenses, and the reactivation fee provided for in regulation.

(H) To reactivate a lapsed license, the occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant must comply with the requirements for reactivating an inactive license as provided for in subsection (G).

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1; 1999 Act No. 29, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-270. Certificate of licensure; temporary licenses; restrictions; renewals; notification of name and address changes.

(A) The board shall license as an occupational therapist or an occupational therapy assistant an applicant who proves to the satisfaction of the board fitness for licensure under the provisions of this chapter. The board shall issue to each licensee a certificate of licensure which is prima facie evidence that the person to whom it is issued has the right to represent himself or herself as a licensed occupational therapist or a licensed occupational therapy assistant subject to the provisions of this chapter.

(B) A temporary license may be granted to a person who has completed an educational program approved by ACOTE or other AOTA endorsed accrediting body for occupational therapy and who has applied to take the next scheduled board-approved certification examination following graduation or who has taken the examination and has not received the examination results. A temporary license authorizes the temporary licensee to practice occupational therapy under the direct supervision of a licensed occupational therapist, and the temporary license is valid until the date on which the results of the next qualifying examination are received by the board. The applicant shall submit to the board a completed supervisory form for each place of employment. Temporary licenses may be renewed once in the discretion of the board, upon good cause shown.

The board may issue a temporary license to a licensee whose occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant license has been inactive or lapsed for three years or more and who has applied to reactivate the license. The temporary license is valid for one year from the date of issue, may not be renewed, and authorizes the temporary licensee to work under the on-site supervision of an occupational therapist licensed in this State in order to obtain the minimum number of contact hours required to reactivate the license. The licensee shall submit to the board a completed supervisory form for each place of employment. The fees for a temporary license must be established in regulation.

(1) complete a certain number of hours of CEU's; and/or

(2) have supervised practice specified by the board; and/or

(3) pass a written examination approved by the board.

(D) A licensee shall notify the board of a change in name or mailing address within thirty days and, when requesting a name change on a license, shall submit legal documentation indicating the name change.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-280. Persons excepted from application of chapter.

This chapter does not apply to a person:

(1) employed as an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant by an agency of the federal government if occupational therapy is provided solely under the direction or control of the federal government agency;

(2) who is enrolled in a course of study leading to a degree or certificate in occupational therapy in a program approved by the board if the occupational therapy activities and services constitute a part of a supervised course of study and if the person is designated by a title which clearly indicates a student or trainee status including "Occupational Therapy Student", "Occupational Therapy Assistant Student", "O.T.S.", "O.T.A.S.", or other designation approved by the board;

(3) fulfilling the supervised field work experience requirements of Section 40-36-230.

(4) licensed in this State by any other law and this chapter does not prohibit the person from engaging in the profession or occupation for which the person is licensed.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-290. Responsibilities and duties of occupational therapists; records; discharge notes.

(A) An occupational therapist:

(1) has the ultimate responsibility for occupational therapy treatment outcomes and for all occupational therapy services performed under the therapist's supervision;

(2) at a minimum, shall provide supervision as required by this chapter;

(3) shall communicate regularly with a supervisee regarding assignments, plan of care, and any changes in the client's status and shall document this communication;

(4) shall reevaluate a client where therapy has been significantly interrupted before reassigning an occupational therapy assistant to the case;

(5) only shall assign to a supervisee those duties and responsibilities for which the supervisee has been trained specifically and for which the supervisee is qualified to perform;

(6) must be accessible to supervisee each working day;

(7) shall perform the initial evaluation of and establish the treatment plan for each client;

(8) shall make a consultation/reassessment visit every seven treatments or thirty days, whichever comes first.

(B) An occupational therapist is responsible for the occupational therapy record of a client. The occupational therapy record shall consist of:

(1) the initial evaluation including a written report signed and dated by the occupational therapist performing the evaluation;

(2) a plan of care, including:

(a) treatment to be rendered;

(b) frequency and duration of treatment;

Progress notes must be signed and dated by the person rendering treatment. When progress notes are written by an occupational therapy student or an occupational therapy assistant student or examination candidate, the notes are to be countersigned and dated by the occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant who is providing supervision.

A discharge note containing a statement of the client's status at the last treatment session must be written, signed, and dated by the occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant rendering services. In the case of the occupational therapy assistant, the occupational therapist must co-sign and consult on all discharge notes.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-300. Responsibilities and duties of occupational therapy assistants and aides; restrictions.

(A) An occupational therapy assistant only shall assist in the practice of occupational therapy under the supervision of a licensed occupational therapist and shall:

(1) only accept those duties and responsibilities for which the assistant has been specifically trained and is qualified to perform;

(2) consult with the supervising occupational therapist every seven treatments or thirty days, whichever is first, for each client;

(3) inform the occupational therapist of any changes in a client that may require reevaluation or change in treatment;

(4) contribute to a client evaluation by gathering data, administering structured tests, and reporting observations but may not evaluate a client independently or initiate treatment before a licensed occupational therapist's evaluation.

(B) An occupational therapy aide may perform duties associated with nontreatment aspects of occupational therapy including, but not limited to, transporting clients, preparing treatment areas, attending to the personal needs of clients during treatment sessions, and clerical or housekeeping activities under the direct on-site supervision of a licensed occupational therapist or licensed occupational therapy assistant. When performing these duties, the occupational therapy aide must be clearly identified by using "O.T./Aide" or another designation approved by the board;

(1) perform an activity or task which requires licensure under this chapter;

(2) perform an activity or task which requires the exercise of the professional judgment of an occupational therapist; or

(3) develop or model client treatment plans or discharge plans.

(D) An occupational therapy student may perform duties or functions commensurate with the student's training and experience under the direct on-site supervision of a licensed occupational therapist.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

SECTION 40-36-310. Severability.

If a provision of this chapter or the application of a provision to a person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of this chapter which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this chapter are severable.

HISTORY: 1998 Act No. 356, Section 1.

Occupational Therapy Licensure Compact

SECTION 40-36-510. Purpose.

(A) The purpose of this compact is to facilitate interstate practice of occupational therapy with the goal of improving public access to occupational therapy services. The practice of occupational therapy occurs in the state where the patient/client is located at the time of the patient/client encounter. The compact preserves the regulatory authority of states to protect public health and safety through the current system of state licensure.

(B) This compact is designed to achieve the following objectives:

(1) increase public access to occupational therapy services by providing for the mutual recognition of other member state licenses;

(2) enhance the ability of the states to protect the health and safety of the public;

(3) encourage the cooperation of member states in regulating multistate occupational therapy practice;

(4) support spouses of relocating military members;

(5) enhance the exchange of licensure, investigative, and disciplinary information between member states;

(6) allow a remote state to hold a provider of services with a compact privilege in that state accountable to the practice standards of that state; and

(7) facilitate the use of telehealth technology in order to increase access to occupational therapy services.

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

SECTION 40-36-520. Definitions.

As used in this compact and except as otherwise provided:

(1) "Active duty military" means full-time duty status in the active uniformed service of the United States, including members of the National Guard and Reserve on active duty orders pursuant to 10 U.S.C. Chapter 1209 and Chapter 1211.

(2) "Adverse action" means any administrative, civil, equitable, or criminal action permitted by the laws of a state that is imposed by a licensing board or other authority against an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant, including actions against the license or compact privilege of an individual, such as censure, revocation, suspension, probation, monitoring of the licensee, or restriction on the practice of the licensee.

(3) "Alternative program" means a nondisciplinary monitoring process approved by an occupational therapy licensing board.

(4) "Compact privilege" means the authorization, which is equivalent to a license, granted by a remote state to allow a licensee from another member state to practice as an occupational therapist or practice as an occupational therapy assistant in the remote state under its laws and rules. The practice of occupational therapy occurs in the member state where the patient/client is located at the time of the patient/client encounter.

(5) "Continuing competence/education" means a requirement, as a condition of license renewal, to provide evidence of participation in, and completion of, educational and professional activities relevant to practice or area of work.

(6) "Current significant investigative information" means investigative information that a licensing board, after an inquiry or investigation that includes notification and an opportunity for the occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant to respond, if required by state law, has reason to believe is not groundless and, if proved true, would indicate more than a minor infraction.

(7) "Data system" means a repository of information about licensees including, but not limited to, license status, investigative information, compact privileges, and adverse actions.

(8) "Encumbered license" means a license in which an adverse action restricts the practice of occupational therapy by the licensee or said adverse action has been reported to the National Practitioners Data Bank (NPDB).

(9) "Executive committee" means a group of directors elected or appointed to act on behalf of, and within the powers granted to them by, the commission.

(10) "Home state" means the member state that is the licensee's primary state of residence.

(11) "Impaired practitioner" means individuals whose professional practice is adversely affected by substance abuse, addiction, or other health-related conditions.

(12) "Investigative information" means information, records, and documents received or generated by an occupational therapy licensing board pursuant to an investigation.

(13) "Jurisprudence requirement" means the assessment of an individual's knowledge of the laws and rules governing the practice of occupational therapy in a state.

(14) "Licensee" means an individual who currently holds an authorization from the state to practice as an occupational therapist or as an occupational therapy assistant.

(15) "Member state" means a state that has enacted the compact.

(16) "Occupational therapist" means an individual who is licensed by a state to practice occupational therapy.

(17) "Occupational therapy assistant" means an individual who is licensed by a state to assist in the practice of occupational therapy.

(18) "Occupational therapy", "occupational therapy practice", or the "practice of occupational therapy" means the care and services provided by an occupational therapist or an occupational therapy assistant as set forth in the statutes and regulations of the member state.

(19) "Occupational Therapy Compact Commission" or "commission" means the national administrative body whose membership consists of all states that have enacted the compact.

(20) "Occupational therapy licensing board" or "licensing board" means the agency of a state that is authorized to license and regulate occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants.

(21) "Primary state of residence" means the state, also known as the home state, in which an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant who is not active duty military declares a primary residence for legal purposes as verified by a driver's license, federal income tax return, lease, deed, mortgage, voter registration, or other verifying documentation as further defined by commission rules.

(22) "Remote state" means a member state, other than the home state, where a licensee is exercising or seeking to exercise the compact privilege.

(23) "Rule" means a regulation promulgated by the commission that has the force of law.

(24) "State" means a state, commonwealth, district, or territory of the United States of America that regulates the practice of occupational therapy.

(25) "Single-state license" means an occupational therapist license or occupational therapy assistant license issued by a member state that authorizes practice only within the issuing state and does not include a compact privilege in another member state.

(26) "Telehealth" means the application of telecommunication technology to deliver occupational therapy services for:

(d) any combination of (a) through (c).

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

SECTION 40-36-530. State participation in the compact.

(A) To participate in the compact, a member state shall:

(1) license occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants;

(2) participate fully in the commission's data system including, but not limited to, using the commission's unique identifier as defined in rules of the commission;

(3) have a mechanism in place for receiving and investigating complaints about licensees;

(4) notify the commission, in compliance with the terms of the compact and rules, of an adverse action or the availability of investigative information regarding a licensee;

(5) implement or use procedures for considering the criminal history records of applicants for an initial compact privilege, provided these procedures must include the submission of fingerprints or other biometric-based information by applicants for the purpose of obtaining an applicant's criminal history record information from the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the agency responsible for retaining that state's criminal records, and:

(a) within a period established by the commission, require a criminal background check for a licensee seeking or applying for a compact privilege whose primary state of residence is that member state, by receiving the results of the Federal Bureau of Investigation criminal record search, and shall use the results in making licensure decisions; and

(b) ensure communication between a member state, the commission, and among member states regarding the verification of eligibility for licensure through the compact may not include information received from the Federal Bureau of Investigation relating to a federal criminal records check performed by a member state under Public Law 92-544;

(6) comply with the rules of the commission;

(7) use only a recognized national examination as a requirement for licensure pursuant to the rules of the commission; and

(8) have continuing competence/education requirements as a condition for license renewal.

(B) A member state shall grant the compact privilege to a licensee holding a valid unencumbered license in another member state in accordance with the terms of the compact and rules.

(D) A member state shall provide for the state's delegate to attend all occupational therapy compact commission meetings.

(E) An individual not residing in a member state shall continue to be able to apply for a member state's single-state license as provided under the laws of each member state. However, the single-state license granted to these individuals may not be recognized as granting the compact privilege in any other member state.

(F) Nothing in this compact shall affect the requirements established by a member state for the issuance of a single-state license.

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

SECTION 40-36-540. Compact privilege.

(A) To exercise the compact privilege under the terms and provisions of the compact, the licensee shall:

(1) hold a license in the home state;

(2) have a valid United States Social Security Number or national practitioner identification number;

(3) have no encumbrance on any state license;

(4) be eligible for a compact privilege in any member state in accordance with subsections (D), (F), (G), and (H);

(5) have paid all fines and completed all requirements resulting from any adverse action against any license or compact privilege, and two years have elapsed from the date of such completion;

(6) notify the commission that the licensee is seeking the compact privilege within a remote state;

(7) pay applicable fees, including a state fee, for the compact privilege;

(8) complete a criminal background check in accordance with Section 40-36-530(A)(5), provided the licensee must be responsible for the payment of a fee associated with the completion of a criminal background check;

(9) meet jurisprudence requirements established by the remote state in which the licensee is seeking a compact privilege; and

(10) report to the commission adverse action taken by a nonmember state within thirty days from the date the adverse action is taken.

(B) The compact privilege is valid until the expiration date of the home state license. The licensee must comply with the requirements of subsection (A) to maintain the compact privilege in the remote state.

(C) A licensee providing occupational therapy in a remote state under the compact privilege shall function within the laws and regulations of the remote state.

(D) Occupational therapy assistants practicing in a remote state must be supervised by an occupational therapist licensed or holding a compact privilege in that remote state.

(E) A licensee providing occupational therapy in a remote state is subject to that state's regulatory authority. A remote state may, in accordance with due process and that state's laws, remove a licensee's compact privilege in the remote state for a specific period, impose fines, and take other necessary actions to protect the health and safety of its citizens. The licensee may be ineligible for a compact privilege in any state until the specific time for removal has passed and all fines are paid.

(F) If a home state license is encumbered, the licensee shall lose the compact privilege in any remote state until the following occur:

(1) the home state license is no longer encumbered; and

(2) two years have elapsed from the date on which the home state license is no longer encumbered in accordance with item (1).

(G) Once an encumbered license in the home state is restored to good standing, the licensee must meet the requirements of subsection (A) to obtain a compact privilege in a remote state.

(H) If a licensee's compact privilege in a remote state is removed, the individual may lose the compact privilege in any other remote state until the following occur:

(1) the specific period of time for which the compact privilege was removed has ended;

(2) all fines have been paid and all conditions have been met;

(3) two years have elapsed from the date of completing requirements for items (1) and (2); and

(4) the compact privileges are reinstated by the commission, and the compact data system is updated to reflect reinstatement.

(I) If a licensee's compact privilege in a remote state is removed due to an erroneous charge, privileges must be restored through the compact data system.

(J) Once the requirements of subsection (H) have been met, the licensee must meet the requirements in subsection (A) to obtain a compact privilege in a remote state.

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

SECTION 40-36-550. Obtaining a new home state license by virtue of compact privilege.

(A) An occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant may hold a home state license, which allows for compact privileges in member states, in only one member state at a time.

(B) If an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant changes primary state of residence by moving between two member states:

(1) the occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant shall file an application for obtaining a new home state license by virtue of a compact privilege, pay all applicable fees, and notify the current and new home states in accordance with applicable rules adopted by the commission;

(2) upon receipt of an application for obtaining a new home state license by virtue of compact privilege, the new home state shall verify that the occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant meets the pertinent criteria outlined in Section 40-36-540 by means of the data system, without need for primary source verification except for:

(a) an FBI fingerprint-based criminal background check if not previously performed or updated pursuant to applicable rules adopted by the commission in accordance with Public Law 92-544;

(b) other criminal background check as required by the new home state; and

(3) the former home state shall convert the former home state license into a compact privilege once the new home state has activated the new home state license in accordance with applicable rules adopted by the commission;

(4) notwithstanding any other provision of this compact, if the occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant cannot meet the criteria in Section 40-36-540, the new home state shall apply its requirements for issuing a new single-state license; and

(5) the occupational therapist or the occupational therapy assistant shall pay all applicable fees to the new home state in order to be issued a new home state license.

(C) If an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant changes primary state of residence by moving from a member state to a nonmember state, or from a nonmember state to a member state, the state criteria applies for issuance of a single-state license in the new state.

(D) Nothing in this compact may be construed to interfere with the ability of a licensee to hold a single-state license in multiple states; however, for the purposes of this compact, a licensee shall have one home state license.

(E) Nothing in this compact may be construed to affect the requirements established by a member state for the issuance of a single-state license.

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

SECTION 40-36-560. Active duty military personnel or their spouses.

Active duty military personnel, or their spouses, shall designate a home state where the individual has a current license in good standing. The individual may retain the home state designation during the period the service member is on active duty. Subsequent to designating a home state, the individual only shall change their home state through application for licensure in the new state or through the process described in Section 40-36-550.

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

SECTION 40-36-570. Adverse actions.

(A) A home state has exclusive power to impose adverse action against an occupational therapist license or occupational therapy assistant license issued by the home state.

(B) In addition to the other powers conferred by state law, a remote state shall have the authority, in accordance with existing state due process law to:

(1) take adverse action against an occupational therapist's or occupational therapy assistant's compact privilege within that member state; and

(2) issue subpoenas for both hearings and investigations that require the attendance and testimony of witnesses as well as the production of evidence. Subpoenas issued by a licensing board in a member state for the attendance and testimony of witnesses or the production of evidence from another member state must be enforced in the latter state by a court of competent jurisdiction, according to the practice and procedure of that court applicable to subpoenas issued in proceedings pending before it. The issuing authority shall pay witness fees, travel expenses, mileage, and other fees required by the service statutes of the state in which the witnesses or evidence are located.

(C) For purposes of taking adverse action, the home state shall give the same priority and effect to reported conduct received from a member state as it would if the conduct had occurred within the home state. In so doing, the home state shall apply its own state laws to determine appropriate action.

(D) The home state shall complete pending investigations of an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant who changes primary state of residence during the course of the investigations. The home state, where the investigations were initiated, also shall have the authority to take appropriate action and promptly shall report the conclusions of the investigations to the occupational therapy compact commission data system. The data system administrator shall promptly notify the new home state of adverse actions.

(E) A member state, if otherwise permitted by state law, may recover from the affected occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant the costs of investigations and disposition of cases resulting from an adverse action taken against that occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant.

(F) A member state may take adverse action based on the factual findings of the remote state if the member state follows its own procedures for taking the adverse action.

(G) In addition to the authority granted to a member state by its respective state occupational therapy laws and regulations or other applicable state law, a member state may participate with other member states in joint investigations of licensees. Member states shall share investigative, litigation, or compliance materials in furtherance of any joint or individual investigation initiated under the compact.

(H) If an adverse action is taken by the home state against an occupational therapist license or occupational therapy assistant license, the compact privilege of the occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant in all other member states must be deactivated until all encumbrances have been removed from the state license. All home state disciplinary orders that impose adverse action against an occupational therapist license or occupational therapy assistant license shall include a statement that the compact privilege of the occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant is deactivated in all member states during the pendency of the order.

(I) If a member state takes adverse action, it promptly shall notify the data system administrator, who promptly shall notify the home state of adverse actions by remote states.

(J) Nothing in this compact may be construed to override a member state's decision that participation in an alternative program may be used in lieu of adverse action.

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

SECTION 40-36-580. Establishment of the Occupational Therapy Compact Commission.

(A) The compact member states hereby create and establish a joint public agency known as the "Occupational Therapy Compact Commission".

(1) The commission is an instrumentality of the compact states.

(2) Venue is proper and judicial proceedings by or against the commission must be brought solely and exclusively in a court of competent jurisdiction where the principal office of the commission is located. The commission may waive venue and jurisdictional defenses to the extent it adopts or consents to participate in alternative dispute resolution proceedings.

(3) Nothing in this compact may be construed to be a waiver of sovereign immunity.

(B) With respect to commission membership, voting, and meetings:

(1) each member state has, and is limited to, one delegate selected by that member state's licensing board;

(2) the delegate must be either:

(a) a current member of the licensing board, who is an occupational therapist, occupational therapy assistant, or public member; or

(b) an administrator of the licensing board;

(3) a delegate may be removed or suspended from office as provided by the law of the state from which the delegate is appointed;

(4) the member state board shall fill a vacancy occurring in the commission within ninety days;

(5) each delegate is entitled to one vote with regard to the promulgation of rules and creation of bylaws and shall otherwise have an opportunity to participate in the business and affairs of the commission, provided a delegate shall vote in person or by such other means as provided in the bylaws, and the bylaws may provide for delegates' participation in meetings by telephone or other means of communication;

(6) the commission shall meet at least once during each calendar year and additional meetings shall be held as set forth in the bylaws; and

(7) the commission shall establish by rule a term of office for delegates.

(1) establish a code of ethics for the commission;

(2) establish the fiscal year of the commission;

(3) establish bylaws;

(4) maintain its financial records in accordance with the bylaws;

(5) meet and take such actions as are consistent with the provisions of this compact and the bylaws;

(6) promulgate uniform rules to facilitate and coordinate implementation and administration of this compact, which have the force and effect of law and are binding in all member states;

(7) bring and prosecute legal proceedings or actions in the name of the commission, provided that the standing of a state occupational therapy licensing board to sue or be sued under applicable law shall not be affected;

(8) purchase and maintain insurance and bonds;

(9) borrow, accept, or contract for services of personnel including, but not limited to, employees of a member state;

(10) hire employees, elect or appoint officers, fix compensation, define duties, grant such individuals appropriate authority to carry out the purposes of the compact, and establish the commission's personnel policies and programs relating to conflicts of interest, qualifications of personnel, and other related personnel matters;

(11) accept appropriate donations and grants of money, equipment, supplies, materials and services, and receive, and use and dispose of them; provided that the commission shall avoid any appearance of impropriety, or conflict of interest;

(12) lease, purchase, accept appropriate gifts or donations of, or otherwise own, hold, improve or use, any property, real, personal or mixed; provided that at all times the commission shall avoid any appearance of impropriety;

(13) sell, convey, mortgage, pledge, lease, exchange, abandon, or otherwise dispose of real property, personal property, or a mixture of real and personal property;

(14) establish a budget and make expenditures;

(15) borrow money;

(16) appoint committees, including standing committees composed of members, state regulators, state legislators or their representatives, and consumer representatives, and such other interested persons as may be designated in this compact and the bylaws;

(17) provide and receive information from, and cooperate with, law enforcement agencies;

(18) establish and elect an executive committee; and

(19) perform such other functions as may be necessary or appropriate to achieve the purposes of this compact consistent with the state regulation of occupational therapy licensure and practice.

(D) With respect to the executive committee:

(1) the executive committee shall have the power to act on behalf of the commission according to the terms of this compact;

(2) the executive committee is composed of nine members, consisting of:

(a) seven voting members who are elected by the commission from the current membership of the commission;

(b) one ex officio, nonvoting member from a recognized national occupational therapy professional association; and

(3) the ex officio members must be selected by their respective organizations;

(4) the commission may remove a member of the executive committee as provided in bylaws;

(5) the executive committee shall meet at least annually; and

(6) the executive committee has the duties and responsibilities to:

(a) recommend to the entire commission changes to the rules or bylaws, changes to this compact legislation, fees paid by compact member states such as annual dues, and any commission compact fee charged to licensees for the compact privilege;

(b) ensure compact administration services are appropriately provided, contractual or otherwise;

(d) maintain financial records on behalf of the commission;

(e) monitor compact compliance of member states and provide compliance reports to the commission;

(f) establish additional committees as necessary; and

(g) perform other duties as provided in rules or bylaws.

(E) With respect to meetings of the commission:

(1) all meetings of the commission are open to the public, and public notice of meetings must be given in the same manner as required under the rulemaking provisions in Section 40-36-600;

(2) the commission, executive committee, or other committees of the commission may convene in a closed, nonpublic meeting if the commission, executive committee, or other committees of the commission must discuss:

(a) noncompliance of a member state with its obligations under the compact;

(b) the employment, compensation, discipline or other matters, practices or procedures related to specific employees or other matters related to the commission's internal personnel practices and procedures;

(d) negotiation of contracts for the purchase, lease, or sale of goods, services, or real estate;

(e) accusing a person of a crime or formally censuring a person;

(f) disclosure of trade secrets or commercial or financial information that is privileged or confidential;

(g) disclosure of information of a personal nature where disclosure would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy;

(h) disclosure of investigative records compiled for law enforcement purposes;

(i) disclosure of information related to an investigative report prepared by or on behalf of or for use of the commission or other committee charged with responsibility of investigation or determination of compliance issues pursuant to the compact; or

(j) matters specifically exempted from disclosure by federal or member state statute;

(3) if a meeting, or portion of a meeting, is closed pursuant to this provision, the commission's legal counsel or designee shall certify that the meeting may be closed and shall reference each relevant exempting provision; and

(4) the commission shall keep minutes that fully and clearly describe all matters discussed in a meeting and shall provide a full and accurate summary of actions taken, and the reasons therefore, including a description of the views expressed. All documents considered in connection with an action must be identified in the minutes. All minutes and documents of a closed meeting must remain under seal, subject to release by a majority vote of the commission or order of a court of competent jurisdiction.

(F) With respect to financing of the commission, the commission:

(1) shall pay, or provide for the payment of, the reasonable expenses of its establishment, organization, and ongoing activities;

(2) may accept appropriate revenue sources, donations, and grants of money, equipment, supplies, materials, and services;

(3) may levy on and collect an annual assessment from each member state or impose fees on other parties to cover the cost of the operations and activities of the commission and its staff, which must be in a total amount sufficient to cover its annual budget as approved by the commission each year for which revenue is not provided by other sources, provided the aggregate annual assessment amount must be allocated based upon a formula to be determined by the commission, which shall promulgate a rule binding upon all member states;

(4) may not incur obligations of any kind prior to securing the funds adequate to meet the same, nor shall the commission pledge the credit of any of the member states, except by and with the authority of the member state; and

(5) shall keep accurate accounts of all receipts and disbursements. The receipts and disbursements of the commission are subject to the audit and accounting procedures established under its bylaws. However, all receipts and disbursements of funds handled by the commission must be audited yearly by a certified or licensed public accountant, and the report of the audit must be included in and become part of the annual report of the commission.

(G) With respect to qualified immunity, defense, and indemnification:

(1) the members, officers, executive director, employees and representatives of the commission are immune from suit and liability, either personally or in their official capacity, for any claim for damage to or loss of property or personal injury or other civil liability caused by or arising out of any actual or alleged act, error or omission that occurred, or that the person against whom the claim is made had a reasonable basis for believing occurred within the scope of commission employment, duties or responsibilities, provided that nothing in this paragraph may be construed to protect any such person from suit or liability for damage, loss, injury, or liability caused by the intentional or wilful or wanton misconduct of that person;

(2) the commission shall defend any member, officer, executive director, employee, or representative of the commission in a civil action seeking to impose liability arising out of an actual or alleged act, error, or omission that occurred within the scope of commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, or that the person against whom the claim is made had a reasonable basis for believing occurred within the scope of commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, provided that no provision of this article may be construed to prohibit that person from retaining his own counsel, and provided further, that the actual or alleged act, error, or omission did not result from that person's intentional or wilful or wanton misconduct;

(3) the commission shall indemnify and hold harmless a member, officer, executive director, employee, or representative of the commission for the amount of a settlement or judgment obtained against that person arising out of an actual or alleged act, error, or omission that occurred within the scope of commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, or that such person had a reasonable basis for believing occurred within the scope of commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, provided that the actual or alleged act, error, or omission did not result from the intentional or wilful or wanton misconduct of that person.

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

SECTION 40-36-590. Data system.

(A) The commission shall provide for the development, maintenance, and use of a coordinated database and reporting system containing licensure, adverse action, and investigative information on all licensed individuals in member states.

(B) A member state shall submit a uniform data set to the data system on all individuals to whom this compact is applicable, using a unique identifier, as required by the rules of the commission, including:

(1) identifying information;

(2) licensure data;

(3) adverse actions against a license or compact privilege;

(4) nonconfidential information related to alternative program participation;

(5) any denial of application for licensure, and the basis for the denial;

(6) other information that may facilitate the administration of this compact, as determined by the rules of the commission; and

(7) current significant investigative information.

(C) Current significant investigative information and other investigative information pertaining to a licensee in a member state will only be available to other member states.

(D) The commission shall promptly notify all member states of an adverse action taken against a licensee or an individual applying for a license. Adverse action information pertaining to a licensee in any member state will be available to any other member state.

(E) A member state that contributes information to the data system may designate information that may not be shared with the public without the express permission of the contributing state.

(F) Information submitted to the data system that is subsequently required to be expunged by the laws of the member state contributing the information must be removed from the data system.

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

SECTION 40-36-600. Rulemaking.

(A) The commission shall exercise its rulemaking powers pursuant to the criteria set forth in this section and the rules adopted pursuant to it. Rules and amendments shall become binding as of the date specified in each rule or amendment.

(B) The commission shall promulgate reasonable rules in order to effectively and efficiently achieve the purposes of the compact. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event the commission exercises its rulemaking authority in a manner that is beyond the scope of the purposes of the compact, or the powers granted hereunder, then such an action by the commission is invalid and has no force and effect.

(C) If a majority of the legislatures of the member states rejects a rule, by enactment of a statute or resolution in the same manner used to adopt the compact within four years of the date of adoption of the rule, then the rule has no further force and effect in any member state.

(D) Rules or amendments to the rules shall be adopted at a regular or special meeting of the commission.

(E) Prior to promulgation and adoption of a final rule by the commission, and at least thirty days in advance of the meeting at which the rule is to be considered and voted upon, the commission shall file a notice of proposed rulemaking on the respective websites of:

(1) the commission or other publicly accessible platform; and

(2) each member state occupational therapy licensing board or other publicly accessible platform or the publication in which each state would otherwise publish proposed rules.

(F) The notice of proposed rulemaking must include:

(1) the proposed time, date, and location of the meeting in which the rule will be considered and voted upon;

(2) the text of the proposed rule or amendment and the reason for the proposed rule;

(3) a request for comments on the proposed rule from any interested person; and

(4) the manner in which interested persons may submit notice to the commission of their intention to attend the public hearing and any written comments.

(G) Prior to adoption of a proposed rule, the commission shall allow persons to submit written data, facts, opinions, and arguments, which must be made available to the public.

(H) The commission shall grant an opportunity for a public hearing before it adopts a rule or amendment if a hearing is requested by:

(1) at least twenty-five persons;

(2) a state or federal governmental subdivision or agency; or

(3) an association or organization having at least twenty-five members.

(I) If a hearing is held on the proposed rule or amendment, the commission shall publish the place, time, and date of the scheduled public hearing. If the hearing is held via electronic means, the commission shall publish the mechanism for access to the electronic hearing.

(1) A person wishing to be heard at the hearing shall notify the executive director of the commission or other designated member in writing of their desire to appear and testify at the hearing no less than five business days before the scheduled date of the hearing.

(2) A hearing must be conducted in a manner providing each person who wishes to comment a fair and reasonable opportunity to comment orally or in writing.

(3) A hearing must be recorded. A copy of the recording must be made available on request.

(4) Nothing in this section may be construed as requiring a separate hearing on each rule. Rules may be grouped for the convenience of the commission at hearings required by this section.

(J) Following the scheduled hearing date, or by the close of business on the scheduled hearing date if the hearing was not held, the commission shall consider all written and oral comments received.

(K) If no written notice of intent to attend the public hearing by interested parties is received, the commission may proceed with promulgation of the proposed rule without a public hearing.

(L) The commission shall, by majority vote of all members, take final action on the proposed rule and shall determine the effective date of the rule, if any, based on the rulemaking record and the full text of the rule.

(M) Upon determination that an emergency exists, the commission may consider and adopt an emergency rule without prior notice, opportunity for comment, or hearing, provided that the usual rulemaking procedures provided in the compact and in this section must be retroactively applied to the rule as soon as reasonably possible, in no event later than ninety days after the effective date of the rule. For the purposes of this provision, an emergency rule is one that must be adopted immediately in order to:

(1) meet an imminent threat to public health, safety, or welfare;

(2) prevent a loss of commission or member state funds;

(3) meet a deadline for the promulgation of an administrative rule that is established by federal law or rule; or

(4) protect public health and safety.

(N) The commission or an authorized committee of the commission may direct revisions to a previously adopted rule or amendment for purposes of correcting typographical errors, errors in format, errors in consistency, or grammatical errors. Public notice of a revision must be posted on the website of the commission. The revision is subject to challenge by any person for a period of thirty days after posting. The revision may be challenged only on grounds that the revision results in a material change to a rule. A challenge must be made in writing and delivered to the chair of the commission prior to the end of the notice period. If no challenge is made, the revision will take effect without further action. If the revision is challenged, the revision may not take effect without the approval of the commission.

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

SECTION 40-36-610. Oversight, dispute resolution, and enforcement.

(1) The executive, legislative, and judicial branches of state government in each member state shall enforce this compact and take all actions necessary and appropriate to effect the compact's purposes and intent. The provisions of this compact and the rules promulgated hereunder shall have standing as statutory law.

(2) All courts shall take judicial notice of the compact and the rules in any judicial or administrative proceeding in a member state pertaining to the subject matter of this compact which may affect the powers, responsibilities, or actions of the commission.

(3) The commission is entitled to receive service of process in any such proceeding, and has standing to intervene in such a proceeding for all purposes. Failure to provide service of process to the commission renders a judgment or order void as to the commission, this compact, or promulgated rules.

(B) Default, Technical Assistance, and Termination

(1) If the commission determines that a member state has defaulted in the performance of its obligations or responsibilities under this compact or the promulgated rules, the commission shall provide:

(a) written notice to the defaulting state and other member states of the nature of the default, the proposed means of curing the default and any other action, if any, to be taken by the commission; and

(b) remedial training and specific technical assistance regarding the default.

(2) If a state in default fails to cure the default, the defaulting state may be terminated from the compact upon an affirmative vote of a majority of the member states, and all rights, privileges and benefits conferred by this compact may be terminated on the effective date of termination. A cure of the default does not relieve the offending state of obligations or liabilities incurred during the period of default.

(3) Termination of membership in the compact must be imposed only after all other means of securing compliance have been exhausted. Notice of intent to suspend or terminate must be given by the commission to the governor, the majority and minority leaders of the defaulting state's legislature, and each of the member states.

(4) A state that has been terminated is responsible for all assessments, obligations, and liabilities incurred through the effective date of termination, including obligations that extend beyond the effective date of termination.

(5) The commission may not bear any costs related to a state that is found to be in default or that has been terminated from the compact, unless agreed upon in writing between the commission and the defaulting state.

(6) The defaulting state may appeal the action of the commission by petitioning the United States District Court for the District of Columbia or the federal district where the commission has its principal offices. The prevailing member must be awarded all costs of such litigation, including reasonable attorney's fees.

(1) Upon request by a member state, the commission shall attempt to resolve disputes related to the compact that arise among member states and between member and nonmember states.

(2) The commission shall promulgate a rule providing for both mediation and binding dispute resolution for disputes as appropriate.

(1) The commission, in the reasonable exercise of its discretion, shall enforce the provisions and rules of this compact.

(2) By majority vote, the commission may initiate legal action in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia or the federal district where the commission has its principal offices against a member state in default to enforce compliance with the provisions of the compact and its promulgated rules and bylaws. The relief sought may include both injunctive relief and damages. In the event judicial enforcement is necessary, the prevailing member must be awarded all costs of such litigation, including reasonable attorney's fees.

(3) The remedies in this section are not exclusive. The commission may pursue any other remedies available under federal or state law.

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

SECTION 40-36-620. Date of implementation; withdrawal; amendment.

(A) The compact shall come into effect on the date on which the compact statute is enacted into law in the tenth member state. The provisions, which become effective at that time, must be limited to the powers granted to the commission relating to assembly and the promulgation of rules. Thereafter, the commission shall meet and exercise rulemaking powers necessary to the implementation and administration of the compact.

(B) A state that joins the compact subsequent to the commission's initial adoption of the rules is subject to the rules as they exist on the date on which the compact becomes law in that state. A rule that has been previously adopted by the commission must have the full force and effect of law on the day the compact becomes law in that state.

(C) A member state may withdraw from this compact by enacting a statute repealing the same. The withdrawal of a member state may not:

(1) take effect until six months after enactment of the repealing statute; or

(2) affect the continuing requirement of the withdrawing state's occupational therapy licensing board to comply with the investigative and adverse action reporting requirements of this act prior to the effective date of withdrawal.

(D) Nothing contained in this compact may be construed to invalidate or prevent any occupational therapy licensure agreement or other cooperative arrangement between a member state and a nonmember state that does not conflict with the provisions of this compact.

(E) This compact may be amended by the member states. No amendment to this compact may become effective and binding upon any member state until it is enacted into the laws of all member states.

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

SECTION 40-36-630. Construction and severability.

This compact must be liberally construed to effect the purposes of it. The provisions of this compact are severable and if any phrase, clause, sentence or provision of this compact is declared to be contrary to the constitution of a member state or of the United States or the applicability of it to any government, agency, person, or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of this compact and the applicability of it to any government, agency, person, or circumstance may not be affected as a consequence. If this compact is held contrary to the constitution of any member state, the compact shall remain in full force and effect as to the remaining member states and in full force and effect as to the member state affected as to all severable matters.

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

SECTION 40-36-640. Binding effect of compact and other laws.

(A) A licensee providing occupational therapy in a remote state under the compact privilege shall function within the laws and regulations of the remote state.

(B) Nothing herein prevents the enforcement of any other law of a member state that is not inconsistent with the compact.

(D) Any lawful actions of the commission, including all rules and bylaws promulgated by the commission, are binding upon the member states.

(E) All agreements between the commission and the member states are binding in accordance with their terms.

(F) In the event a provision of the compact exceeds the constitutional limits imposed on the legislature of a member state, the provision is ineffective to the extent of the conflict with the constitutional provision in question in that member state.

HISTORY: 2022 Act No. 158 (H.3599), Section 1, eff May 13, 2022.

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